Today's 5 October Major Events in History

610 Heraclius' fleet takes Constantinople

Louis the Pious

816 Pope Stephen IV crowns Louis the Pious Holy Roman Emperor at Reims cathedral

869 4th Council of Constantinople (8th Ecumenical Council) opens
1143 King Alfonso VII of Leon recognises Portugal as a Kingdom

1274 Around 1,000 soldiers of the Mongol army land on the Japanese island of Tsushima in the first attack of Kublai Khan's Mongol invasion of Japan

1349 Paris theologian Jean de Fayt warns against the Flagellants at Avignon

1450 Jews are expelled from Lower Bavaria by order of Louis IX

1511 Eedgenootschap signs anti-French Saint League
1550 Foundation of the city of Concepción, Chile

1572 Spanish army under Alva's son Don Frederick plunders Mechelen
1632 Henry Casimir I is appointed viceroy of Groningen
1665 The University of Kiel is founded
1693 Haarlem people's revolution due to food shortage

Il teatro comico

1750 Carlo Goldoni's comedy play "Il Teatro Comico" premieres in Venice

1762 Opera "Orfeo ed Euridice" by Christoph Willibald Gluck is first produced in Vienna in front of Empress Maria Theresa

1789 Women of Paris march to Versailles in the March on Versailles to confront Louis XVI about his refusal to promulgate the decrees on the abolition of feudalism, demand bread, and have the king and his court moved to Paris

1796 Spain declares war on England

Battle of the Thames

1813 Battle of the Thames: American forces under General William Henry Harrison defeat Tecumseh's Confederacy and their British allies led by Henry Procter near Chatham, Upper Canada

1830 King Willem I mobilizes the Dutch army
1857 Mormon pioneer Captain Lot Smith and members of the Utah militia destroy a US Army supply wagon train in Wyoming during the Utah War
1857 The City of Anaheim is founded
1862 Battle of Hatchie Bridge, Tennessee; confederate forces avoid capture by Union army
1862 Federal fleet occupies Galveston, Texas
1863 Confederate sub David damages Union ship Ironsides
1864 Battle of Allatoona: Confederate troops under Major General Samuel G. French fail to dislodge a Union garrison in Bartow County, Georgia
1864 Most of Calcutta is destroyed by a cyclone, killing approximately 60,000 people
1867 Last day of the Julian calendar in Alaska
1869 A strong hurricane known as the Saxby Gale devastates the Bay of Fundy region in Maritime Canada. Incredibly, British naval officer Stephen Martin Saxby predicts the storm 10 months earlier in December 1868 through astronomy.
1869 Man-made tunnel under St. Anthony Falls, Minnesota, collapses, threatening the Minneapolis riverfront
1875 Palace Hotel on Market Street opens in San Francisco

Nez Perce War

1877 Chief Joseph and his people surrender to the US Army, ending the Nez Perce War in the western United States

1892 The Dalton Gang ends in a shootout in Coffeyville, Kansas, during a bank holdup; four members are killed, and a fifth is captured
1895 The first UK individual cycling time trial, organized by Frederick Thomas Bidlake, is held on a 50-mile course north of London
1896 William Gillette's dramatic play "Secret Service" premieres in New York City

1st Chief Justice of Australia

1903 Samuel Griffith is appointed the first Chief Justice of Australia, and Sir Edmund Barton and Richard O'Connor are appointed as foundation justices

Flyer III Flies a Circle

1905 Orville and Wilbur Wright make a circling flight on "Flyer III" of 24.2 miles (38.9 km) in 39 minutes and 23 seconds

1907 Canadian Interprovincial Rugby Football Union (IRFU) plays its first game; Montreal defeats Toronto 17-8 in Montreal
1908 Bulgaria declares independence from the Ottoman Empire, and Ferdinand I becomes Tsar
1908 Chicago White Sox pitcher Ed Walsh beats the Detroit Tigers 6-1 for his 40th victory of the MLB season, forcing the AL pennant race to the final day
1910 Portugal overthrows the monarchy and proclaims a republic
1911 Italian troops occupy Tripoli
1912 Boston Red Sox beat Philadelphia Athletics 3-0 for their 105th win of the MLB season, an AL record until the 1927 NY Yankees (110)
1912 NY Highlanders play their last game at Hilltop Stadium and beat Washington 8-6; Brooklyn Dodgers play their last game at Washington Park and lose 1-0 to NY Giants
1914 World War I's first aerial combat results in a kill
1915 Allies land troops at the northern Greek city of Salonika; Greece is nominally neutral but permits the landing
1915 Bulgaria enters World War I as one of the Central Powers

Ty Cobb's Stealing Record

1915 Detroit Tigers speedster Ty Cobb steals his 96th base of the season in a 5-0 loss to the Cleveland Indians; it stands as an MLB record until 1962 (Maury Wills, 104)

1916 Adolf Hitler is wounded in the left thigh by an exploding shell during the Battle of the Somme

1919 Norwegian population agrees to Prohibition
1921 The present constitution of Liechtenstein comes into effect
1922 NY Yankees and NY Giants play out a controversial 3-3 tie in 10 innings in Game 2 of Baseball World Series at Polo Grounds, Manhattan, NYC; Giants win series 4-0-1

1925 The Locarno Conference meets: Germany agrees to recognize its frontiers with France and Belgium and will apply for membership in the League of Nations
1925 WSM-AM in Nashville, Tennessee, begins radio transmissions
1930 British airship crashes in storm at Beauvais, France; 48 die

Polar Balloon Expedition

1930 Homecoming of the bodies of the Swedish polar balloon expedition (1897) led by Salomon August Andrée

1931 First nonstop transpacific flight from Japan to Washington by Herndon and Pangborn
1931 Paul Green's play "House of Connelly" premieres in New York City
1932 With new ownership, Detroit Falcons officially change their name to Detroit Red Wings, and the Winged Wheel is introduced; previous names were Cougars (1926-30) and Falcons (1930-32)
1936 The Jarrow March sets off for London
1937 Dutch Minister Carl Romme says unemployment is 25%, calling it a "quarter of Romme"
1942 5,000 Jews of Dubno, Russia, are massacred

Budy Massacre

1942 Budy Massacre at Auschwitz sub-camp, 90 French-Jewish women are beaten to death by prison guards

1943 US air raid on Wake: Japanese execute 98 US prisoners in retaliation
1944 Harold Arlen and Yip Harburg's musical "Bloomer Girl" premieres in New York City
1944 Kerkrade is liberated in the Netherlands
1944 Suffrage is extended to women in France
1945 "Meet the Press" premieres on radio
1945 Hollywood Black Friday: A six-month strike by Hollywood set decorators turns into a bloody riot at the gates of Warner Bros. studios
1945 Indonesian Army forms

1946 First Cannes Film Festival ends
1946 Newcastle United equals the English Football League record for the biggest winning margin in a 13-0 thrashing of Newport in a Division 2 match at St. James' Park; Len Shackleton scores six and Charlie Wayman scores four for the Toon

1st Televised White House Address

1947 Harry Truman delivers the first presidential address televised from the White House

Bobby Jones's Rare Disease

1949 Sportswriter Robert Ruark first reports golfing great Bobby Jones's rare spinal disease (syringomyelia), which prevents him from playing any form of golf again

1949 WBNS TV channel 10 in Columbus, OH (CBS) begins broadcasting
1949 WOR (now WWOR) TV channel 9 in NY-Secaucus, NY (IND) begins broadcasting

Knicks Draft Cousy

1950 Boston Celtics owner Walter Brown and coach Red Auerbach draw lots out of a hat for three members of the defunct Chicago Stags franchise and hit the jackpot with future six-time NBA champion Bob Cousy

1952 19th Congress of the Communist Party meets in Moscow

Chief Justice Earl Warren

1953 Earl Warren sworn in as 14th Chief Justice of US Supreme Court

1953 The first documented recovery meeting of Narcotics Anonymous is held

General Conference on Weights and Measures

1954 10th General Conference on Weights and Measures opens and defines the Kelvin as the primary unit of temperature (after William Thomson, Lord Kelvin) [1]

1954 Hurricane Hazel forms in the Caribbean, killing 400 to 1,000 people in the Bahamas and Haiti

Vice Squad Arrest Musicians

1955 Police vice squad officers raid dressing rooms during a concert intermission at Music Hall in Houston, Texas, and arrest musicians Illinois Jacquet and Dizzy Gillespie for playing dice games, and singer Ella Fitzgerald and her assistant for allowing it; the foursome is whisked to the police station, pays their fines, and returns to the venue to play the second set

1957 Yugoslav dissident Milovan Djilas is sentenced to 7 years
1958 KRTV TV channel 3 in Great Falls, Montana (CBS) begins broadcasting
1958 US performs a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1958 USSR performs a nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya, USSR
1960 British Labour party demands unilateral nuclear disarmament
1960 Eastern AL Electra turboprop crashes in Boston Harbor, killing 61
1960 KEYC TV channel 12 in Mankato, MN (CBS) begins broadcasting

1961 China and Nepal sign a treaty

Dr. No

1962 "Dr. No," the first James Bond film based on the novel by Ian Fleming and starring Sean Connery and Ursula Andress, premieres in London

1962 The Beatles release their first record, "Love Me Do"
1963 Hyde St Pier reopens as a State Historical Park
1963 Little Richard joins the Everly Brothers' tour
1964 KIXE TV channel 9 in Redding, CA (PBS) begins broadcasting
1964 San Francisco Fire Department Museum dedicated
1965 Chuck Linster performs 6,006 consecutive push-ups
1965 Dick McInnes from Henderson, Kentucky, stays aloft for almost 12 hours in a kite pulled by a speedboat along the Ohio River

The Awakening

1966 Nigerian government presents a copy of Ben Enwonwu's sculpture "The Awakening" to the United Nations

1968 Civil rights march in Derry is stopped by the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC), and resulting clashes lead to two days of serious rioting, often considered the start of "the Troubles" in Northern Ireland
1968 KPLM (now KESQ) TV channel 42 in Palm Springs, CA (ABC) begins broadcasting

Monty Python's Flying Circus

1969 TV sketch comedy series "Monty Python's Flying Circus" premieres on BBC1

1970 American fiddle player "Papa" John Creach joins Jefferson Airplane
1970 PBS becomes a US television network
1970 Quebec separatists kidnap British trade commissioner James Cross
1971 A new sitting of the Northern Ireland Parliament at Stormont begins, though the Social Democratic and Labour Party remains absent due to its continuing protest against internment
1972 Herbert Mullin first kills, claiming it is to prevent earthquakes

Goodbye Yellow Brick Road

1973 Goodbye Yellow Brick Road, the 7th studio album by Elton John, is released

1973 Signature of the European Patent Convention
1974 Guildford pub bombing by the IRA leaves five dead and 65 injured

1975 Austrian Niki Lauda wins the United States Grand Prix at Watkins Glen to claim his first Formula 1 World Drivers' Championship, winning by 19.5 points over Emerson Fittipaldi of Brazil

1975 USSR performs a nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeastern Kazakhstan
1976 MLB expansion draft: Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays pick 30 unprotected AL players; Ruppert Jones OF (Seattle) and Bob Bailor OF (Toronto) are first picks
1978 Isaac Bashevis Singer wins the Nobel Prize for literature
1978 Over 30 major nations ratify the Environmental Modification Convention, which prohibits weather warfare that has widespread, long-lasting or severe effects
1978 Sweden's Fälldin government falls
1980 Australian Williams driver Alan Jones wins the United States East Grand Prix to claim his first Formula 1 World Drivers' Championship, winning by 13 points over Nelson Piquet of Brazil
1980 Formal opening of the meditation hall of Zenshin Temple in Riverdale, Bronx, New York City
1981 Dutch guilder and Deutsche mark are revalued up 5.5%
1981 Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg becomes an honorary American posthumously
1982 China performs nuclear test at Lop Nor, People's Republic of Chine
1982 First regular season NHL game is played in New Jersey as the NJ Devils play a 3-3 tie against the Pittsburgh Penguins at Brendan Byrne Arena; Don Lever scores the first Devils' goal
1982 Hernan Siles Zuazo is appointed president of Bolivia
1982 Unmanned rocket sled reaches 9,851 km/h at White Sands, New Mexico
1983 Edmonton superstar Wayne Gretzky scores a goal and an assist in a 5-4 win over Toronto in the Oilers' season opener; starts NHL record 51-game scoring streak; ends 28/1/84
1983 Panamanian jockey Jorge Velasquez wins his 5,000th career race riding Banquet Scene to victory in the fourth race at Belmont Park

Nobel Peace Prize

1983 Polish Solidarity leader Lech Wałęsa wins the Nobel Peace Prize

First Canadian in Space

1984 13th NASA Space Shuttle Mission (41G): Challenger 6 launches with Marc Garneau, the first Canadian in space, on board

1985 Grambling's Eddie Robinson wins a record 324th football game

Dickerson's Overtime Record

1986 Rams running back Eric Dickerson runs for an NFL overtime record 42-yard touchdown as LA defeats the Tampa Bay Buccaneers 26-20 at Anaheim Stadium

1986 The London Sunday Times reports that Israel is stockpiling nuclear arms
1988 Brazil adopts its Constitution

End of Pinochet's Dictatorship

1988 Chile votes in a referendum 56-44 against extending Augusto Pinochet's regime by 8 years, ending the dictator's 16½ years in power

1988 Israel bans Meir Kahane's Kach Party on grounds of racism
1990 "Henry and June," a film based on the book by Anaïs Nin and the first film to receive an NC-17 rating in the US, is released
1990 Cincinnati jury acquits art gallery of obscenity (Mapplethorpe photos)

Interiors

1990 Columbia Records releases "Interiors," the seventh studio album by American singer-songwriter Rosanne Cash, produced by Cash herself

1990 Pittsburgh Penguins left wing Kevin Stevens has 2 goals and 4 assists in a 7-4 opening-night win against the Washington Capitals at Capital Centre to set an NHL record for most points in a season opener (6)
1991 Fresno State ties the NCAA football record with 49 points in the second quarter as they rout New Mexico 94-17 at Bulldog Stadium in Fresno
1991 Military transport plane crashes in Jakarta, killing 133
1991 The first official version of the Linux kernel, version 0.02, is released
1991 USSR reduces its nuclear weapons arsenal
1992 NY senator Alphonse D'Amato filibusters for 15 hours and 20 minutes
1992 US Air goes on a strike

Congress Overrides Bush Veto

1992 US Congress votes to override George H. W. Bush's veto of a bill regulating cable TV companies, the first overturn of a Bush veto

1993 China performs nuclear test at Lop Nor, People's Republic of China

Lenin Tomb Loses Honor Guard

1993 Russian President Boris Yeltsin removes the honor guard from Lenin's mausoleum

1994 52 members of the cult Order of the Solar Temple (Zonnetempel) die in a mass murder-suicide in Salvan, Switzerland

3-Point Line Shortened

1994 NBA shortens the 3-point distance to a uniform 22 feet in an attempt to help offensive players score more; Michael Jordan sets career highs in 3-point attempts and converted 3-point field goals, nearly doubling previous statistics

1996 Cleveland Indians strike out 23 Baltimore Orioles in 12 innings in a 4-3 ALDS win at Jacobs Field; Orioles win the series 3-1
1996 New York center fielder Bernie Williams homers from each side of the plate as the Yankees beat Texas 6-4 to win the AL Division Series 3-1

Yao Wenyuan Released

1996 Yao Wenyuan is released from prison after serving 20 years for his role in the Chinese Cultural Revolution

1997 STS-86 (Atlantis 20) lands
1999 The Ladbroke Grove rail crash in west London kills 31 people

Bulldozer Revolution

2000 Mass demonstrations in Belgrade culminate in the resignation of Serbian strongman Slobodan Milošević, often called the Bulldozer Revolution

2000 TV show "Gilmore Girls," created by Amy Sherman-Palladino and starring Alexis Bledel, Lauren Graham, Kelly Bishop, and Edward Herrmann, debuts on The WB

Bonds Breaks HR Record

2001 Barry Bonds hits his 71st and 72nd home runs in an 11-10 loss against the LA Dodgers at Pacific Bell Park, breaking Mark McGwire's MLB single-season home run record

2001 MLB's Atlanta Braves become the first professional sports team to win 10 consecutive division titles after defeating the Marlins 20-3 to clinch the NL East title; NBA's Boston Celtics (1957-65) and LA Lakers (1982-90) both win 9 in a row
2001 Robert Stevens becomes the first victim in the 2001 anthrax attacks

1st Homeland Security Advisor

2001 Tom Ridge resigns as Governor of Pennsylvania to become President George W. Bush's Homeland Security Advisor

2002 For the first time in its 42-year history, the Anaheim Angels win a postseason series by beating the Yankees 9-5 to take the ALDS 3-1
2003 Chicago Cubs win their first MLB postseason series since the 1908 World Series with a 5-1 victory over the Atlanta Braves in Game 5 of the NLDS at Turner Field
2003 Kansas City wide receiver Dante Hall scores a game-winning 93-yard punt return in the Chiefs' 24-23 victory against the Denver Broncos at Arrowhead Stadium, returning for a score in an NFL-record fourth consecutive game
2004 Seven-time All-Star and six-time NBA Champion forward Scottie Pippen announces his retirement from the NBA and the Chicago Bulls

Coach Gretzky Debuts

2005 NHL great Wayne Gretzky makes his coaching debut for the Phoenix Coyotes in a 3-2 loss to the Vancouver Canucks at Rogers Arena

2005 NHL opens regular season after a 10-month lockout of the entire 2004-05 season; Ottawa's Daniel Alfredsson and Dany Heatley are the first players to score winning goals in a shootout in NHL history, both scoring against Toronto goalie Ed Belfour in a 3-2 OT victory

2007 African Burial Ground in Manhattan is the first national monument dedicated to the first Africans of early New York and Americans of African descent [1]

Jones Admits Using Steroids

2007 After years of angry denials, triple gold medal-winning American sprinter Marion Jones admits she used steroids in 2000-01, pleads guilty to lying to federal investigators, announces retirement in a tearful apology, and returns medals to the USOC

2009 Australia wins cricket's Champions Trophy at Centurion Park in Gauteng, South Africa, by 6 wickets (with 28 balls remaining) against New Zealand; chasing 200, Shane Watson is 105 not out in Australia's 206/4
2010 Injured Indian cricket batsman VVS Laxman is the hero with 73 not out as the home team chases down 216 to beat Australia with just one wicket to spare in the first Test at Mohali
2012 Anglo Platinum Limited fires 12,000 striking workers in South Africa
2013 New Zealand beats South Africa 38-27 in Johannesburg to retain the Rugby Championship with an undefeated record; All Black flanker Liam Messam scores 2 tries

Klitschko vs. Povetkin

2013 Ukrainian Wladimir Klitschko beats Russian Alexander Povetkin in a 12-round unanimous points decision in Moscow to retain his WBA, WBO, IBF, IBO heavyweight titles

2014 French F1 driver Jules Bianchi collides with a recovery vehicle during the Japanese Grand Prix and dies 10 months later; the first F1 death due to a racing accident in 21 years (Ayrton Senna 1994)

Rabbitohs Win NRL

2014 Russell Crowe-owned South Sydney Rabbitohs beat the Canterbury Bulldogs 30-6 to break a 43-year drought and win the National Rugby League (Australia) Premiership

2015 Floods in South Carolina, a "1,000-year storm," result in 12 deaths and the failure of 9 dams

Right to Die

2015 Governor of California Jerry Brown signs a bill granting terminally ill patients the "right to die"

2015 Nobel Prize for Medicine is awarded to William C. Campbell and Satoshi Ōmura for their work on roundworm and to Youyou Tu for her work on malaria
2015 Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement is announced by trade ministers of 12 countries in Atlanta
2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry jointly awarded to Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Fraser Stoddart and Bernard Feringa "for the design and synthesis of molecular machines" [1]
2017 Iraqi forces claim victory and control over the Islamic State's last urban stronghold, Hawija, in Northern Iraq

Catalan Parliament Suspended

2017 Spanish Constitutional Court suspends Catalan Parliament to prevent declaration of independence

Harvey Weinstein Scandal

2017 The New York Times publishes an investigation into allegations of sexual harassment against Hollywood producer Harvey Weinstein

2018 Banksy work "Girl With Balloon" automatically shreds via a shredder hidden in its frame moments after being sold for 1 million pounds in London, renamed "Love is in the Bin"
2018 Nobel Peace Prize is awarded jointly to Congolese gynecologist Denis Mukwege and Yazidi activist Nadia Murad for their "efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war"
2018 Record price at auction for a living female artist as Jenny Saville's self-portrait "Propped" sells for £9.5 million in London
2018 US unemployment figures hit their lowest level since 1969 at 3.7%, according to the Department of Labor
2019 Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte reveals he has a neuromuscular disease, myasthenia gravis, which causes him health problems
2020 At least 14 million tonnes of plastic pieces are at the bottom of the ocean, 30 times more than on the surface, according to new research [1]
2020 India's COVID-19 death toll surpasses 100,000, with 6.6 million known cases, the third highest death toll in the world behind the US and Brazil
2020 Nobel Prize for Medicine awarded jointly to Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton, and Charles M. Rice for the discovery of hepatitis C virus [1]

2020 US President Donald Trump leaves Walter Reed National Military Medical Center while still infectious with COVID-19 and returns to the White House

2020 WHO estimates 10% of the world's population may have been infected with COVID-19, more than 20 times the number of confirmed cases
2021 Major French investigation finds clergy sexually abuse more than 200,000 children over 70 years, most of the victims boys [1]
2021 Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded to Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann, and Giorgio Parisi for pioneering work that warns of climate change
2021 Otis (bear 480), weighing more than 900 pounds, wins Alaska's Fat Bear Week for pre-hibernation weight gain for the fourth time
2021 Russia sends actor Yulia Peresild and director Klim Shipenko to the International Space Station to make the first feature film in space
2022 Duhan van der Merwe returns to Edinburgh on a long-term deal after Worcester Warriors' contract termination
2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded to Carolyn Bertozzi, Morten Meldal, and K. Barry Sharpless (his second) for their work on click chemistry
2022 Worcester Warriors players have their contracts terminated as the club enters administration
2023 Nobel Prize for Literature awarded to Norwegian author Jon Fosse [1]
2023 Record 961 migrating birds die after hitting McCormick Place Lakeside Center building in Chicago during fall migration [1]
2023 Russian missile attack on a wake held in the Ukrainian village of Hroza kills at least 51 people [1]